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Given 2n-1 numbers a_k, where k=-n+1, ..., -1, 0, 1, ..., n-1, a Toeplitz matrix is a matrix which has constant values along negative-sloping diagonals, i.e., a matrix of the ...

The wave equation is the important partial differential equation del ^2psi=1/(v^2)(partial^2psi)/(partialt^2) (1) that describes propagation of waves with speed v. The form ...

The Weierstrass substitution is the trigonometric substitution t=tan(theta/2) which transforms an integral of the form intf(costheta,sintheta)dtheta into one of the form ...

An algorithm which finds a polynomial recurrence for terminating hypergeometric identities of the form sum_(k)(n; ...

Since the derivative of a constant is zero, any constant may be added to an indefinite integral (i.e., antiderivative) and will still correspond to the same integral. Another ...

A pullback is a general categorical operation appearing in a number of mathematical contexts, sometimes going under a different name. If T:V->W is a linear transformation ...

Let V be an n-dimensional linear space over a field K, and let Q be a quadratic form on V. A Clifford algebra is then defined over T(V)/I(Q), where T(V) is the tensor algebra ...

A theorem due to Conway et al. (1997) which states that, if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix entries represents all natural numbers up to 15, then it ...

A linear ordinary differential equation of order n is said to be homogeneous if it is of the form a_n(x)y^((n))+a_(n-1)(x)y^((n-1))+...+a_1(x)y^'+a_0(x)y=0, (1) where ...

In practice, the vertical offsets from a line (polynomial, surface, hyperplane, etc.) are almost always minimized instead of the perpendicular offsets. This provides a ...