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The area of the shadow of a body on a plane, also called the "outer quermass."

A centered polygonal number consisting of a central dot with five dots around it, and then additional dots in the gaps between adjacent dots. The general term is ...

A description of an object by properties that are different from those mentioned in its definition, but are equivalent to them. The following list gives a number of examples. ...

A number of spellings of "Chebyshev" (which is the spelling used exclusively in this work) are commonly found in the literature. These include Tchebicheff, Čebyšev, ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It uses weighting function W(x)=1 in the interval [-1,1] and forces all the weights to be equal. The ...

Each Cartan matrix determines a unique semisimple complex Lie algebra via the Chevalley-Serre, sometimes called simply the "Serre relations." That is, if (A_(ij)) is a k×k ...

The functions describing the horizontal and vertical positions of a point on a circle as a function of angle (cosine and sine) and those functions derived from them: cotx = ...

A partially ordered set (or ordered set or poset for short) (L,<=) is called a complete lattice if every subset M of L has a least upper bound (supremum, supM) and a greatest ...

The composite number problem asks if for a given positive integer N there exist positive integers m and n such that N=mn. The complexity of the composite number problem was ...

The conchoid of de Sluze is the cubic curve first constructed by René de Sluze in 1662. It is given by the implicit equation (x-1)(x^2+y^2)=ax^2, (1) or the polar equation ...