Search Results for ""

A great circle is a section of a sphere that contains a diameter of the sphere (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 87). Sections of the sphere that do not contain a diameter are called ...

A sequence {a_n}_(n=1)^N forms a (binary) heap if it satisfies a_(|_j/2_|)<=a_j for 2<=j<=N, where |_x_| is the floor function, which is equivalent to a_i<a_(2i) and ...

Let there be n ways for a "good" selection and m ways for a "bad" selection out of a total of n+m possibilities. Take N samples and let x_i equal 1 if selection i is ...

An International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a code used to uniquely identify a book together. It also uniquely encodes the book's publisher and includes information about ...

An injective module is the dual notion to the projective module. A module M over a unit ring R is called injective iff whenever M is contained as a submodule in a module N, ...

In combinatorial logic minimization, a device known as a Karnaugh map is frequently used. It is similar to a truth table, but the various variables are represented along two ...

The Lovász number theta(G) of a graph G, sometimes also called the theta function of G, was introduced by Lovász (1979) with the explicit goal of estimating the Shannon ...

Roughly speaking, a tangent vector is an infinitesimal displacement at a specific point on a manifold. The set of tangent vectors at a point P forms a vector space called the ...

The inverse of a square matrix A, sometimes called a reciprocal matrix, is a matrix A^(-1) such that AA^(-1)=I, (1) where I is the identity matrix. Courant and Hilbert (1989, ...

The conjugate gradient method can be viewed as a special variant of the Lanczos method for positive definite symmetric systems. The minimal residual method (MINRES) and ...