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The trace of an n×n square matrix A is defined to be Tr(A)=sum_(i=1)^na_(ii), (1) i.e., the sum of the diagonal elements. The matrix trace is implemented in the Wolfram ...

A periodic matrix with period 1, so that A^2=A.

A matrix used in the Jacobi transformation method of diagonalizing matrices. The Jacobi rotation matrix P_(pq) contains 1s along the diagonal, except for the two elements ...

A matrix whose entries are all integers. Special cases which arise frequently are those having only (-1,1) as entries (e.g., Hadamard matrix), (0,1)-matrices having only ...

The rank of a matrix or a linear transformation is the dimension of the image of the matrix or the linear transformation, corresponding to the number of linearly independent ...

An n×n-matrix A is said to be diagonalizable if it can be written on the form A=PDP^(-1), where D is a diagonal n×n matrix with the eigenvalues of A as its entries and P is a ...

A stochastic matrix, also called a probability matrix, probability transition matrix, transition matrix, substitution matrix, or Markov matrix, is matrix used to characterize ...

A group in which the elements are square matrices, the group multiplication law is matrix multiplication, and the group inverse is simply the matrix inverse. Every matrix ...

An augmented matrix is a matrix obtained by adjoining a row or column vector, or sometimes another matrix with the same vertical dimension. The most common use of an ...

A real matrix is a matrix whose elements consist entirely of real numbers. The set of m×n real matrices is sometimes denoted R^(m×n) (Zwillinger 1995, p. 116).