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Written in the notation of partial derivatives, the d'Alembertian square ^2 in a flat spacetime is defined by square ^2=del ^2-1/(c^2)(partial^2)/(partialt^2), where c is the ...

If W is a simply connected, compact manifold with a boundary that has two components, M_1 and M_2, such that inclusion of each is a homotopy equivalence, then W is ...

An embedding is a representation of a topological object, manifold, graph, field, etc. in a certain space in such a way that its connectivity or algebraic properties are ...

The rank of a vector bundle is the dimension of its fiber. Equivalently, it is the maximum number of linearly independent local bundle sections in a trivialization. ...

The frame bundle on a Riemannian manifold M is a principal bundle. Over every point p in M, the Riemannian metric determines the set of orthonormal frames, i.e., the possible ...

A Hermitian metric on a complex vector bundle assigns a Hermitian inner product to every fiber bundle. The basic example is the trivial bundle pi:U×C^k->U, where U is an open ...

Over a small neighborhood U of a manifold, a vector bundle is spanned by the local sections defined on U. For example, in a coordinate chart U with coordinates (x_1,...,x_n), ...

An ambient isotopy from an embedding of a manifold M in N to another is a homotopy of self diffeomorphisms (or isomorphisms, or piecewise-linear transformations, etc.) of N, ...

Let V(r) be the volume of a ball of radius r in a complete n-dimensional Riemannian manifold with Ricci curvature tensor >=(n-1)kappa. Then V(r)<=V_kappa(r), where V_kappa is ...

A special nonsingular map from one manifold to another such that at every point in the domain of the map, the derivative is an injective linear transformation. This is ...