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Ambient Isotopy


An ambient isotopy from an embedding of a manifold M in N to another is a homotopy of self diffeomorphisms (or isomorphisms, or piecewise-linear transformations, etc.) of N, starting at the identity map, such that the "last" diffeomorphism compounded with the first embedding of M is the second embedding of M. In other words, an ambient isotopy is like an isotopy except that instead of distorting the embedding, the whole ambient space is being stretched and distorted and the embedding is just "coming along for the ride." For a compact smooth manifold M and a smooth manifold N, both without boundary, a smooth isotopy of embeddings of M in N extends to an ambient isotopy (Hirsch 1988).

Ambient isotopy depends on the ambient space. A chiral knot in R^3 is not ambiently isotopic to its mirror image, whereas every smooth embedding of a circle in R^4 is unknotted.


See also

Isotopy, Regular Isotopy

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References

Hirsch, M. W. Differential Topology. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988.Hoste, J.; Thistlethwaite, M.; and Weeks, J. "The First 1701936 Knots." Math. Intell. 20, 33-48, Fall 1998.

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Ambient Isotopy

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Ambient Isotopy." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/AmbientIsotopy.html

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