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A polynomial given by Phi_n(x)=product_(k=1)^n^'(x-zeta_k), (1) where zeta_k are the roots of unity in C given by zeta_k=e^(2piik/n) (2) and k runs over integers relatively ...

A recursive primality certificate for a prime p. The certificate consists of a list of 1. A point on an elliptic curve C y^2=x^3+g_2x+g_3 (mod p) for some numbers g_2 and ...

A convex polyomino containing at least one edge of its minimal bounding rectangle. The perimeter and area generating function for directed polygons of width m, height n, and ...

A square matrix is called Hermitian if it is self-adjoint. Therefore, a Hermitian matrix A=(a_(ij)) is defined as one for which A=A^(H), (1) where A^(H) denotes the conjugate ...

Let E be a compact connected subset of d-dimensional Euclidean space. Gross (1964) and Stadje (1981) proved that there is a unique real number a(E) such that for all x_1, ...

A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...

The complexity c_n of an integer n is the least number of 1s needed to represent it using only additions, multiplications, and parentheses. For example, the numbers 1 through ...

The difference of two numbers n_1 and n_2 is n_1-n_2, where the minus sign denotes subtraction.

A sextic graph is a regular graph of degree six. The numbers of simple sextic graphs on n=7, 8, ... nodes are 1, 1, 4, 21, 266, 7846, 367860, ... (OEIS A006822). Examples are ...

Following Yates (1980), a prime p such that 1/p is a repeating decimal with decimal period shared with no other prime is called a unique prime. For example, 3, 11, 37, and ...