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A reflection relation is a functional equation relating f(-x) to f(x), or more generally, f(a-x) to f(x). Perhaps the best known example of a reflection formula is the gamma ...

The nth roots of unity are roots e^(2piik/n) of the cyclotomic equation x^n=1, which are known as the de Moivre numbers. The notations zeta_k, epsilon_k, and epsilon_k, where ...

A solenoidal vector field satisfies del ·B=0 (1) for every vector B, where del ·B is the divergence. If this condition is satisfied, there exists a vector A, known as the ...

A subset of an algebraic variety which is itself a variety. Every variety is a subvariety of itself; other subvarieties are called proper subvarieties. A sphere of the ...

In Minkowski space, a twistor may be defined as a pair consisting of a spinor field and a complex conjugate spinor field satisfying the twistor equation.

An inconic with parameters x:y:z=a(b-c):b(c-a):c(a-b), (1) giving equation (2) (Kimberling 1998, pp. 238-239). Its focus is Kimberling center X_(101) and its conic section ...

Let points A^', B^', and C^' be marked off some fixed distance x along each of the sides BC, CA, and AB. Then the lines AA^', BB^', and CC^' concur in a point U known as the ...

A q-analog of the gamma function defined by Gamma_q(x)=((q;q)_infty)/((q^x;q)_infty)(1-q)^(1-x), (1) where (x,q)_infty is a q-Pochhammer symbol (Koepf 1998, p. 26; Koekoek ...

A quadratic map is a quadratic recurrence equation of the form x_(n+1)=a_2x_n^2+a_1x_n+a_0. (1) While some quadratic maps are solvable in closed form (for example, the three ...

A double bubble is pair of bubbles which intersect and are separated by a membrane bounded by the intersection. The usual double bubble is illustrated in the left figure ...