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Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

Given a number n, Fermat's factorization methods look for integers x and y such that n=x^2-y^2. Then n=(x-y)(x+y) (1) and n is factored. A modified form of this observation ...

In 1638, Fermat proposed that every positive integer is a sum of at most three triangular numbers, four square numbers, five pentagonal numbers, and n n-polygonal numbers. ...

Fermat's spiral, also known as the parabolic spiral, is an Archimedean spiral with m=2 having polar equation r^2=a^2theta. (1) This curve was discussed by Fermat in 1636 ...

The point F at which the incircle and nine-point circle are tangent. It has triangle center function alpha=1-cos(B-C) (1) and is Kimberling center X_(11). If F is the ...

The locus of the centers of all circumconics that also pass through the orthocenter of a triangle (which, when not degenerate, are rectangular hyperbolas) is a circle through ...

A method for solving an equation by approximating continuous quantities as a set of quantities at discrete points, often regularly spaced into a so-called grid or mesh. ...

First-passage percolation is a time-dependent generalization of discrete Bernoulli percolation in which each graph edge e of Z^d is assigned a nonnegative random variable ...

The fish curve is a term coined in this work for the ellipse negative pedal curve with pedal point at the focus for the special case of the eccentricity e^2=1/2. For an ...

The determination of a test for the equality of means for two normal distributions with different variances given samples from each. There exists an exact test which, ...