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The complexity c_n of an integer n is the least number of 1s needed to represent it using only additions, multiplications, and parentheses. For example, the numbers 1 through ...

An isosceles triangle is a triangle with (at least) two equal sides. In the figure above, the two equal sides have length b and the remaining side has length a. This property ...

There are a number of functions in mathematics commonly denoted with a Greek letter lambda. Examples of one-variable functions denoted lambda(n) with a lower case lambda ...

Lauricella functions are generalizations of the Gauss hypergeometric functions to multiple variables. Four such generalizations were investigated by Lauricella (1893), and ...

The second solution Q_l(x) to the Legendre differential equation. The Legendre functions of the second kind satisfy the same recurrence relation as the Legendre polynomials. ...

A McNugget number is a positive integer that can be obtained by adding together orders of McDonald's® Chicken McNuggetsTM (prior to consuming any), which originally came in ...

The outer Napoleon triangle is the triangle DeltaN_C^'N_B^'N_A^' formed by the centers of externally erected equilateral triangles DeltaABE_C^', DeltaACE_B^', and ...

The positive integers 216 and 12960000 appear in an obscure passage in Plato's The Republic. In this passage, Plato alludes to the fact that 216 is equal to 6^3, where 6 is ...

In Moralia, the Greek biographer and philosopher Plutarch states "Chrysippus says that the number of compound propositions that can be made from only ten simple propositions ...

The wave equation in prolate spheroidal coordinates is del ...