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The inverse cosine is the multivalued function cos^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arccosz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 307; ...

The "kurtosis excess" (Kenney and Keeping 1951, p. 27) is defined in terms of the usual kurtosis by gamma_2 = beta_2-3 (1) = (mu_4)/(mu_2^2)-3. (2) It is commonly denoted ...

Let lim stand for the limit lim_(x->c), lim_(x->c^-), lim_(x->c^+), lim_(x->infty), or lim_(x->-infty), and suppose that lim f(x) and lim g(x) are both zero or are both ...

Lorentzian n-space is the inner product space consisting of the vector space R^n together with the n-dimensional Lorentzian inner product. In the event that the (1,n-1) ...

The Lyapunov characteristic exponent [LCE] gives the rate of exponential divergence from perturbed initial conditions. To examine the behavior of an orbit around a point ...

The Monty Hall problem is named for its similarity to the Let's Make a Deal television game show hosted by Monty Hall. The problem is stated as follows. Assume that a room is ...

The term multigraph refers to a graph in which multiple edges between nodes are either permitted (Harary 1994, p. 10; Gross and Yellen 1999, p. 4) or required (Skiena 1990, ...

The pseudosphere is the constant negative-Gaussian curvature surface of revolution generated by a tractrix about its asymptote. It is sometimes also called the tractroid, ...

The Roman surface, also called the Steiner surface (not to be confused with the class of Steiner surfaces of which the Roman surface is a particular case), is a quartic ...

Sphere tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of of points corresponding to vertices of a tetrahedron with vertices on the surface of a sphere. n random ...