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The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

Following Ramanujan (1913-1914), write product_(k=1,3,5,...)^infty(1+e^(-kpisqrt(n)))=2^(1/4)e^(-pisqrt(n)/24)G_n (1) ...

In statistics, sampling is the selection and implementation of statistical observations in order to estimate properties of an underlying population. Sampling is a vital part ...

Sigma is the eighteenth letter of the ancient Greek alphabet. As an upper case letter (Sigma), it is used as a symbol for sums and series. As a lower case letter (sigma) it ...

Analytic representations the symmetric triangle wave with period 2 and varying between -1 and 1 include f(x) = 2/pisin^(-1)[sin(pix)] (1) = 1-2|1-[2(1/2x+1/4 (mod 1))]| (2) = ...

Calculus II

There are essentially three types of Fisher-Tippett extreme value distributions. The most common is the type I distribution, which are sometimes referred to as Gumbel types ...

The mean deviation (also called the mean absolute deviation) is the mean of the absolute deviations of a set of data about the data's mean. For a sample size N, the mean ...

The transformation of a sequence a_1, a_2, ... with a_n=sum_(d|n)b_d (1) into the sequence b_1, b_2, ... via the Möbius inversion formula, b_n=sum_(d|n)mu(n/d)a_d. (2) The ...

The plastic constant P, sometimes also called le nombre radiant, the minimal Pisot number, plastic number, plastic ratio, platin number, Siegel's number, or silver number, is ...