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A rational number expressed in the form a/b (in-line notation) or a/b (traditional "display" notation), where a is called the numerator and b is called the denominator. When ...

Let I(G) denote the set of all independent sets of vertices of a graph G, and let I(G,u) denote the independent sets of G that contain the vertex u. A fractional coloring of ...

The following are equivalent definitions for a Galois extension field (also simply known as a Galois extension) K of F. 1. K is the splitting field for a collection of ...

The number of different triangles which have integer side lengths and perimeter n is T(n) = P(n,3)-sum_(1<=j<=|_n/2_|)P(j,2) (1) = [(n^2)/(12)]-|_n/4_||_(n+2)/4_| (2) = ...

An isolated singularity is a singularity for which there exists a (small) real number epsilon such that there are no other singularities within a neighborhood of radius ...

The Kronecker-Weber theorem, sometimes known as the Kronecker-Weber-Hilbert theorem, is one of the earliest known results in class field theory. In layman's terms, the ...

An L-algebraic number is a number theta in (0,1) which satisfies sum_(k=0)^nc_kL(theta^k)=0, (1) where L(x) is the Rogers L-function and c_k are integers not all equal to 0 ...

A function is said to be modular (or "elliptic modular") if it satisfies: 1. f is meromorphic in the upper half-plane H, 2. f(Atau)=f(tau) for every matrix A in the modular ...

If there exists a rational integer x such that, when n, p, and q are positive integers, x^n=q (mod p), then q is the n-adic residue of p, i.e., q is an n-adic residue of p ...

Informally, an elliptic curve is a type of cubic curve whose solutions are confined to a region of space that is topologically equivalent to a torus. The Weierstrass elliptic ...