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In Moralia, the Greek biographer and philosopher Plutarch states "Chrysippus says that the number of compound propositions that can be made from only ten simple propositions ...

Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers containing addition but no multiplication. It is therefore not as powerful as Peano arithmetic. ...

Suppose that f is an analytic function which is defined in the upper half-disk {|z|^2<1,I[z]>0}. Further suppose that f extends to a continuous function on the real axis, and ...

The spherical Bessel function of the first kind, denoted j_nu(z), is defined by j_nu(z)=sqrt(pi/(2z))J_(nu+1/2)(z), (1) where J_nu(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind ...

"The" trifolium is the three-lobed folium with b=a, i.e., the 3-petalled rose curve. It is also known as the paquerette de mélibée (Apéry 1987, p. 85), with paquerette being ...

The Tschirnhausen cubic is a plane curve given by the polar equation r=asec^3(1/3theta). (1) Letting theta=3tan^(-1)t gives the parametric equations x = a(1-3t^2) (2) y = ...

A number traditionally associated with bad luck. A so-called baker's dozen is equal to 13. Fear of the number 13 is called triskaidekaphobia. There are 13 Archimedean solids. ...

Let x_0 be a rational number in the closed interval [0,1], and generate a sequence using the map x_(n+1)=2x_n (mod 1). (1) Then the number of periodic map orbits of period p ...

If F is an algebraic Galois extension field of K such that the Galois group of the extension is Abelian, then F is said to be an Abelian extension of K. For example, ...

Let f(z) be a transcendental meromorphic function, and let D_1, D_2, ..., D_5 be five simply connected domains in C with disjoint closures (Ahlfors 1932). Then there exists j ...