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The trace of a second-tensor rank tensor T is a scalar given by the contracted mixed tensor equal to T_i^i. The trace satisfies ...

The Woodbury formula (A+UV^(T))^(-1)=A^(-1)-[A^(-1)U(I+V^(T)A^(-1)U)^(-1)V^(T)A^(-1)] is a formula that allows a perturbed matrix to be computed for a change to a given ...

A two-dimensional binary (k=2) totalistic cellular automaton with a von Neumann neighborhood of range r=1. It has a birth rule that at least 2 of its 4 neighbors are alive, ...

Let P(z) and Q(z) be univariate polynomials in a complex variable z, and let the polynomial degrees of P and Q satisfy deg(Q)>=deg(P+2). Then int_gamma(P(z))/(Q(z))dz = ...

Given a set y=f(x) of n equations in n variables x_1, ..., x_n, written explicitly as y=[f_1(x); f_2(x); |; f_n(x)], (1) or more explicitly as {y_1=f_1(x_1,...,x_n); |; ...

Informally, an elliptic curve is a type of cubic curve whose solutions are confined to a region of space that is topologically equivalent to a torus. The Weierstrass elliptic ...

The game of life is the best-known two-dimensional cellular automaton, invented by John H. Conway and popularized in Martin Gardner's Scientific American column starting in ...

Vassiliev invariants, discovered around 1989, provided a radically new way of looking at knots. The notion of finite type (a.k.a. Vassiliev) knot invariants was independently ...

The prime number theorem shows that the nth prime number p_n has the asymptotic value p_n∼nlnn (1) as n->infty (Havil 2003, p. 182). Rosser's theorem makes this a rigorous ...

Roughly speaking, a tangent vector is an infinitesimal displacement at a specific point on a manifold. The set of tangent vectors at a point P forms a vector space called the ...