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A level set in two dimensions. Phase curves are sometimes also known as level curves (Tabor 1989, p. 14).

A square matrix A is a normal matrix if [A,A^(H)]=AA^(H)-A^(H)A=0, where [a,b] is the commutator and A^(H) denotes the conjugate transpose. For example, the matrix [i 0; 0 ...

A generalization of simple majority voting in which a list of quotas {q_0,...,q_n} specifies, according to the number of votes, how many votes an alternative needs to win ...

A triangle that is equal to its polar triangle with respect to a given conic is said to be self-polar with respect to that conic. Any triangle is self-polar with respect to ...

A small circle is a spheric section that does not contain a diameter of the sphere (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 87; Tietze 1965, p. 25).

The symmedial triangle DeltaK_AK_BK_C (a term coined here for the first time), is the triangle whose vertices are the intersection points of the symmedians with the reference ...

Symmetry operations include the improper rotation, inversion operation, mirror plane, and rotation. Together, these operations create 32 crystal classes corresponding to the ...

If r is a root of a nonzero polynomial equation a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0=0, (1) where the a_is are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) and r satisfies no ...

An error-correcting code is an algorithm for expressing a sequence of numbers such that any errors which are introduced can be detected and corrected (within certain ...

There are two problems commonly known as the subset sum problem. The first ("given sum problem") is the problem of finding what subset of a list of integers has a given sum, ...