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Twin primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+2). The term "twin prime" was coined by Paul Stäckel (1862-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The first few twin primes are n+/-1 ...

A mathematical procedure for finding the best-fitting curve to a given set of points by minimizing the sum of the squares of the offsets ("the residuals") of the points from ...

A 3-cusped hypocycloid, also called a tricuspoid. The deltoid was first considered by Euler in 1745 in connection with an optical problem. It was also investigated by Steiner ...

The binomial coefficient (n; k) is the number of ways of picking k unordered outcomes from n possibilities, also known as a combination or combinatorial number. The symbols ...

Operations research is a vast branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Thousands of books have been written worldwide on ...

If A moves along a known curve, then P describes a pursuit curve if P is always directed toward A and A and P move with uniform velocities. Pursuit curves were considered in ...

Let s_1, s_2, ... be an infinite series of real numbers lying between 0 and 1. Then corresponding to any arbitrarily large K, there exists a positive integer n and two ...

A sequence of real numbers {x_n} is equidistributed on an interval [a,b] if the probability of finding x_n in any subinterval is proportional to the subinterval length. The ...

The number of data points which fall within a given class in a frequency distribution.

Let x^__1 and s_1^2 be the observed mean and variance of a sample of N_1 drawn from a normal universe with unknown mean mu_((1)) and let x^__2 and s_2^2 be the observed mean ...