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A closed box composed of three pairs of rectangular faces placed opposite each other and joined at right angles to each other, also known as a rectangular parallelepiped. The ...

A necessary and sufficient condition for a curve to be a helix is that the ratio of curvature to torsion be constant.

A curve on a surface whose tangents are always in the direction of principal curvature. The equation of the lines of curvature can be written |g_(11) g_(12) g_(22); b_(11) ...

A curve on the surface of a sphere. Examples include the baseball cover, Seiffert's spherical spiral, spherical helix, and spherical spiral.

A differential k-form is a tensor of tensor rank k that is antisymmetric under exchange of any pair of indices. The number of algebraically independent components in n ...

Let B_t={B_t(omega)/omega in Omega}, t>=0, be one-dimensional Brownian motion. Integration with respect to B_t was defined by Itô (1951). A basic result of the theory is that ...

The classic treatise in geometry written by Euclid and used as a textbook for more than 1000 years in western Europe. An Arabic version The Elements appears at the end of the ...

Wirsing (1974) showed, among other results, that if F_n(x) is the Gauss-Kuzmin distribution, then lim_(n->infty)(F_n(x)-lg(1+x))/((-lambda)^n)=Psi(x), (1) where ...

A unit circle is a circle of unit radius, i.e., of radius 1. The unit circle plays a significant role in a number of different areas of mathematics. For example, the ...

Number Theory