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A graph or directed graph together with a function which assigns a positive real number to each edge (Harary 1994, p. 52).

The Nørlund polynomial (note that the spelling Nörlund also appears in various publications) is a name given by Carlitz (1960) and Adelberg (1997) to the polynomial ...

nu(x) = int_0^infty(x^tdt)/(Gamma(t+1)) (1) nu(x,alpha) = int_0^infty(x^(alpha+t)dt)/(Gamma(alpha+t+1)), (2) where Gamma(z) is the gamma function (Erdélyi et al. 1981, p. ...

A number theoretic character, also called a Dirichlet character (because Dirichlet first introduced them in his famous proof that every arithmetic progression with relatively ...

Apply the 196-algorithm, which consists of taking any positive integer of two digits or more, reversing the digits, and adding to the original number. Now sum the two and ...

Parallel curves, frequently called "offset curves" in computer graphics applications, are curves which are displaced from a base curve by a constant offset, either positive ...

The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

Given a plane ax+by+cz+d=0 (1) and a point x_0=(x_0,y_0,z_0), the normal vector to the plane is given by v=[a; b; c], (2) and a vector from the plane to the point is given by ...

The (signed) area of a planar non-self-intersecting polygon with vertices (x_1,y_1), ..., (x_n,y_n) is A=1/2(|x_1 x_2; y_1 y_2|+|x_2 x_3; y_2 y_3|+...+|x_n x_1; y_n y_1|), ...

k+2 is prime iff the 14 Diophantine equations in 26 variables wz+h+j-q=0 (1) (gk+2g+k+1)(h+j)+h-z=0 (2) 16(k+1)^3(k+2)(n+1)^2+1-f^2=0 (3) 2n+p+q+z-e=0 (4) ...