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The modified spherical Bessel differential equation is given by the spherical Bessel differential equation with a negative separation constant, ...

The quadrifolium is the 4-petalled rose curve having n=2. It has polar equation r=asin(2theta) (1) and Cartesian equation (x^2+y^2)^3=4a^2x^2y^2. (2) The area of the ...

A generalization of simple majority voting in which a list of quotas {q_0,...,q_n} specifies, according to the number of votes, how many votes an alternative needs to win ...

The quotient space X/∼ of a topological space X and an equivalence relation ∼ on X is the set of equivalence classes of points in X (under the equivalence relation ∼) ...

If a random variable X has a chi-squared distribution with m degrees of freedom (chi_m^2) and a random variable Y has a chi-squared distribution with n degrees of freedom ...

In nonstandard analysis, the limitation to first-order analysis can be avoided by using a construction known as a superstructure. Superstructures are constructed in the ...

Every smooth manifold M has a tangent bundle TM, which consists of the tangent space TM_p at all points p in M. Since a tangent space TM_p is the set of all tangent vectors ...

An invariant of an elliptic curve given in the form y^2=x^3+ax+b which is closely related to the elliptic discriminant and defined by j(E)=(2^83^3a^3)/(4a^3+27b^2). The ...

The q-analog of the binomial theorem (1-z)^n=1-nz+(n(n-1))/(1·2)z^2-(n(n-1)(n-2))/(1·2·3)z^3+... (1) is given by (1-z/(q^n))(1-z/(q^(n-1)))...(1-z/q) ...

The Costa surface is a complete minimal embedded surface of finite topology (i.e., it has no boundary and does not intersect itself). It has genus 1 with three punctures ...