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An integral equation of the form phi(x)=f(x)+int_a^xK(x,t)phi(t)dt, where K(x,t) is the integral kernel, f(x) is a specified function, and phi(t) is the function to be solved ...

Lehmer's formula is a formula for the prime counting function, pi(x) = (1) where |_x_| is the floor function, a = pi(x^(1/4)) (2) b = pi(x^(1/2)) (3) b_i = pi(sqrt(x/p_i)) ...

A perspective collineation with center O and axis o not incident is called a geometric homology. A geometric homology is said to be harmonic if the points A and A^' on a line ...

Pairs of points of a line, the product of whose distances from a fixed point is a given constant. This is more concisely defined as a projectivity of period two. If ...

If the period of a repeating decimal for a/p, where p is prime and a/p is a reduced fraction, has an even number of digits, then dividing the repeating portion into halves ...

A number n is called a barrier of a number-theoretic function f(m) if, for all m<n, m+f(m)<=n. Neither the totient function phi(n) nor the divisor function sigma(n) has a ...

J_n(x)=1/piint_0^picos(ntheta-xsintheta)dtheta, where J_n(x) is a Bessel function of the first kind.

If m is an integer, then for every residue class r (mod m), there are infinitely many nonnegative integers n for which P(n)=r (mod m), where P(n) is the partition function P.

A discontinuity is point at which a mathematical object is discontinuous. The left figure above illustrates a discontinuity in a one-variable function while the right figure ...

A basis, form, function, etc., in two or more variables is said to be multilinear if it is linear in each variable separately.