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The quadratic embedding constant QEC(G) of a finite simple connected graph G on n vertices is defined as the maximum of the product vDv over all real n-vectors v satisfying ...

An algebraic integer of the form a+bsqrt(D) where D is squarefree forms a quadratic field and is denoted Q(sqrt(D)). If D>0, the field is called a real quadratic field, and ...

The Remez algorithm (Remez 1934), also called the Remez exchange algorithm, is an application of the Chebyshev alternation theorem that constructs the polynomial of best ...

Ruffini's rule a shortcut method for dividing a polynomial by a linear factor of the form x-a which can be used in place of the standard long division algorithm. This method ...

A simple directed graph is a directed graph having no multiple edges or graph loops (corresponding to a binary adjacency matrix with 0s on the diagonal). The number of simple ...

The (small) rhombicosidodecahedron (Cundy and Rowlett 1989, p. 111), sometimes simply called the rhombicosidodecahedron (Maeder 1997; Wenninger 1989, p. 27; Conway et al. ...

The small triambic icosahedron is the dual polyhedron of the small ditrigonal icosidodecahedron with Maeder index 30 (Maeder 1997), Weinninger index 70 (Wenninger 1971, p. ...

The Sobolev embedding theorem is a result in functional analysis which proves that certain Sobolev spaces W^(k,p)(Omega) can be embedded in various spaces including ...

A spherical triangle is a figure formed on the surface of a sphere by three great circular arcs intersecting pairwise in three vertices. The spherical triangle is the ...

The tangent plane to a surface at a point p is the tangent space at p (after translating to the origin). The elements of the tangent space are called tangent vectors, and ...