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The torsion of a space curve, sometimes also called the "second curvature" (Kreyszig 1991, p. 47), is the rate of change of the curve's osculating plane. The torsion tau is ...

Given a complex measure mu, there exists a positive measure denoted |mu| which measures the total variation of mu, also sometimes called simply "total variation." In ...

A total order (or "totally ordered set," or "linearly ordered set") is a set plus a relation on the set (called a total order) that satisfies the conditions for a partial ...

A shortened term for integral transform. Geometrically, if S and T are two transformations, then the similarity transformation TST^(-1) is sometimes called the transform ...

A transposition graph G_n is a graph whose nodes correspond to permutations and edges to permutations that differ by exactly one transposition (Skiena 1990, p. 9, Clark ...

Informally, a function f:{0,1}^(l(n))×{0,1}^n->{0,1}^(m(n)) is a trapdoor one-way function if 1. It is a one-way function, and 2. For fixed public key y in {0,1}^(l(n)), ...

Let x and y be vectors. Then the triangle inequality is given by |x|-|y|<=|x+y|<=|x|+|y|. (1) Equivalently, for complex numbers z_1 and z_2, ...

The truncated dodecadodecahedron, also called the quasitruncated dodecahedron, is the uniform polyhedron with Maeder index 59 (Maeder 1997), Wenninger index 98 (Wenninger ...

Let G(V,E) be a graph with graph vertices V and graph edges E on n graph vertices without a (k+1)-clique. Then t(n,k)<=((k-1)n^2)/(2k), where t(n,k) is the edge count. (Note ...

The twist of a ribbon measures how much it twists around its axis and is defined as the integral of the incremental twist around the ribbon. A formula for the twist is given ...