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The contact angle between a sphere and a tangent plane is the angle alpha between the normal to the sphere at the point of tangency and the basal plane with respect to which ...

The contrapedal curve, also called a normal pedal curve, is defined analogously to a usual pedal curve with "tangent" replaced by "normal." In particular, the contrapedal ...

Cluster analysis is a technique used for classification of data in which data elements are partitioned into groups called clusters that represent collections of data elements ...

The polynomials in the diagonal of the Smith normal form or rational canonical form of a matrix are called its invariant factors.

An extension of a group H by a group N is a group G with a normal subgroup M such that M=N and G/M=H. This information can be encoded into a short exact sequence of groups ...

A Stoneham number is a number alpha_(b,c) of the form alpha_(b,c)=sum_(k=1)^infty1/(b^(c^k)c^k), where b,c>1 are relatively prime positive integers. Stoneham (1973) proved ...

There appear to be two different definitions of the standard error. The standard error of a sample of sample size n is the sample's standard deviation divided by sqrt(n). It ...

The Fourier transform of e^(-k_0|x|) is given by F_x[e^(-k_0|x|)](k)=int_(-infty)^inftye^(-k_0|x|)e^(-2piikx)dx = ...

f(z)=k/((cz+d)^r)f((az+b)/(cz+d)) where I[z]>0.

The bootstrap method is a computer-based method for assigning measures of accuracy to sample estimates (Efron and Tibshirani 1994). This technique allows estimation of the ...