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Fermat's last theorem is a theorem first proposed by Fermat in the form of a note scribbled in the margin of his copy of the ancient Greek text Arithmetica by Diophantus. The ...

In mathematics, a knot is defined as a closed, non-self-intersecting curve that is embedded in three dimensions and cannot be untangled to produce a simple loop (i.e., the ...

A Mersenne prime is a Mersenne number, i.e., a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, that is prime. In order for M_n to be prime, n must itself be prime. This is true since for ...

Let p be a prime with n digits and let A be a constant. Call p an "A-prime" if the concatenation of the first n digits of A (ignoring the decimal point if one is present) ...

A sequence whose terms are integers. The most complete printed references for such sequences are Sloane (1973) and its update, Sloane and Plouffe (1995). Neil Sloane ...

A number is said to be simply normal to base b if its base-b expansion has each digit appearing with average frequency tending to b^(-1). A normal number is an irrational ...

A polyomino is a generalization of the domino to a collection of n squares of equal size arranged with coincident sides. Polyominos were originally called "super-dominoes" by ...

The j-function is the modular function defined by j(tau)=1728J(tau), (1) where tau is the half-period ratio, I[tau]>0, ...

Twin primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+2). The term "twin prime" was coined by Paul Stäckel (1862-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The first few twin primes are n+/-1 ...

A (0,2)-graph is a connected graph such that any two vertices have 0 or 2 common neighbors. (0,2)-graphs are regular, and the numbers of (0,2)-graphs with vertex degree 0, 1, ...