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The free module of rank n over a nonzero unit ring R, usually denoted R^n, is the set of all sequences {a_1,a_2,...,a_n} that can be formed by picking n (not necessarily ...

An irrational number is a number that cannot be expressed as a fraction p/q for any integers p and q. Irrational numbers have decimal expansions that neither terminate nor ...

A metric space is a set S with a global distance function (the metric g) that, for every two points x,y in S, gives the distance between them as a nonnegative real number ...

A real-valued function g defined on a convex subset C subset R^n is said to be quasi-concave if for all real alpha in R, the set {x in C:g(x)>=alpha} is convex. This is ...

A real-valued function g defined on a convex subset C subset R^n is said to be quasi-convex if for all real alpha in R, the set {x in C:g(x)<alpha} is convex. This is ...

An example of a subspace of the Euclidean plane that is connected but not pathwise-connected with respect to the relative topology. It is formed by the ray y=0, x<=0 and the ...

A complete tripartite graph is the k=3 case of a complete k-partite graph. In other words, it is a tripartite graph (i.e., a set of graph vertices decomposed into three ...

The likelihood of a simple graph is defined by starting with the set S_1={(K_11)}. The following procedure is then iterated to produce a set of graphs G_n of order n. At step ...

The (upper) matching number nu(G) of graph G, sometimes known as the edge independence number, is the size of a maximum independent edge set. Equivalently, it is the degree ...

The nth root of the content of the set sum of two sets in n-dimensional Euclidean space is greater than or equal to the sum of the nth roots of the contents of the individual ...