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The braced square problem asks, given a hinged square composed of four equal rods (indicated by the red lines above), how many more hinged rods must be added in the same ...

The first Brocard point is the interior point Omega (also denoted tau_1 or Z_1) of a triangle DeltaABC with points labeled in counterclockwise order for which the angles ...

Buffon's needle problem asks to find the probability that a needle of length l will land on a line, given a floor with equally spaced parallel lines a distance d apart. The ...

The circumcircle is a triangle's circumscribed circle, i.e., the unique circle that passes through each of the triangle's three vertices. The center O of the circumcircle is ...

The cocktail party graph of order n, also called the hyperoctahedral graph (Biggs 1993, p. 17), n-octahedron graph O_n (Jungerman and Ringel 1978), matching graph (Arvind et ...

The cubitruncated cuboctahedral graph is the skeleton of the cubitruncated cuboctahedron, which is the only uniform polyhedron for which this is the case. It is illustrated ...

In graph theory, a cycle graph C_n, sometimes simply known as an n-cycle (Pemmaraju and Skiena 2003, p. 248), is a graph on n nodes containing a single cycle through all ...

A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...

A doubly periodic function with periods 2omega_1 and 2omega_2 such that f(z+2omega_1)=f(z+2omega_2)=f(z), (1) which is analytic and has no singularities except for poles in ...

A Fourier series is an expansion of a periodic function f(x) in terms of an infinite sum of sines and cosines. Fourier series make use of the orthogonality relationships of ...