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The ten-of-diamonds decahedron is a stereohedron and space-filling polyhedron on 8 vertices, 16 edges, and 10 faces (8 of which are non-equilateral triangles and two of which ...

The number of colors sufficient for map coloring on a surface of genus g is given by the Heawood conjecture, chi(g)=|_1/2(7+sqrt(48g+1))_|, where |_x_| is the floor function. ...

The triangular orthobicupola is Johnson solid J_(27), consisting of eight equilateral triangles and six squares. If a triangular orthobicupola is oriented with triangles on ...

Twin primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+2). The term "twin prime" was coined by Paul Stäckel (1862-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The first few twin primes are n+/-1 ...

A hyperboloid is a quadratic surface which may be one- or two-sheeted. The two-sheeted hyperboloid is a surface of revolution obtained by rotating a hyperbola about the line ...

The Whittaker functions arise as solutions to the Whittaker differential equation. The linearly independent solutions to this equation are M_(k,m)(z) = ...

The Bessel functions of the first kind J_n(x) are defined as the solutions to the Bessel differential equation x^2(d^2y)/(dx^2)+x(dy)/(dx)+(x^2-n^2)y=0 (1) which are ...

A Dirichlet L-series is a series of the form L_k(s,chi)=sum_(n=1)^inftychi_k(n)n^(-s), (1) where the number theoretic character chi_k(n) is an integer function with period k, ...

The greatest common divisor, sometimes also called the highest common divisor (Hardy and Wright 1979, p. 20), of two positive integers a and b is the largest divisor common ...

A set of real numbers x_1, ..., x_n is said to possess an integer relation if there exist integers a_i such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, with not all a_i=0. For ...