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A groupoid S such that for all a,b in S, there exist unique x,y in S such that ax = b (1) ya = b. (2) No other restrictions are applied; thus a quasigroup need not have an ...

A quasiperfect number, called a "slightly excessive number" by Singh (1997), is a "least" abundant number, i.e., one such that sigma(n)=2n+1. Quasiperfect numbers are ...

A graph G that becomes disconnected when removing a suitable complete subgraph K, called a vertex cut, is said to be quasiseparable. The two simplest cases are those where K ...

A qubit (or quantum bit) is the analog of a bit for quantum computation. Unlike an ordinary bit, which may only assume two possible values (usually called 0 and 1), a qubit ...

A technical conjecture which connects algebraic K-theory to étale cohomology. The conjecture was made more precise by Dwyer and Friedlander (1982). Thomason (1985) ...

A quintic surface is an algebraic surface of degree 5. Togliatti (1940, 1949) showed that quintic surfaces having 31 ordinary double points exist, although he did not ...

A quintic symmetric graph is a quintic graph (i.e., regular of degree 5) that is also symmetric. Since quintic graphs exist only on an even number of nodes, so do symmetric ...

The quintuple product identity, also called the Watson quintuple product identity, states (1) It can also be written (2) or (3) The quintuple product identity can be written ...

A positive integer n>1 is quiteprime iff all primes p<=sqrt(n) satisfy |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=p+1-sqrt(p). Also define 2 and 3 to be quiteprimes. Then the first few quiteprimes ...

A generalization of simple majority voting in which a list of quotas {q_0,...,q_n} specifies, according to the number of votes, how many votes an alternative needs to win ...