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The Mephisto waltz sequence is defined by beginning with 0 and then iterating the maps 0->001 and 1->110. This gives 0, 001, 001001110, 001001110001001110110110001, ... (OEIS ...

The set of natural numbers (the positive integers Z-+ 1, 2, 3, ...; OEIS A000027), denoted N, also called the whole numbers. Like whole numbers, there is no general agreement ...

Polynomials O_n(x) that can be defined by the sum O_n(x)=1/4sum_(k=0)^(|_n/2_|)(n(n-k-1)!)/(k!)(1/2x)^(2k-n-1) (1) for n>=1, where |_x_| is the floor function. They obey the ...

A number theoretic character, also called a Dirichlet character (because Dirichlet first introduced them in his famous proof that every arithmetic progression with relatively ...

A number which is simultaneously octagonal and heptagonal. Let O_m denote the mth octagonal number and H_n the nth heptagonal number, then a number which is both octagonal ...

To solve the system of differential equations (dx)/(dt)=Ax(t)+p(t), (1) where A is a matrix and x and p are vectors, first consider the homogeneous case with p=0. The ...

The catacaustic of a parabola (t,t^2) opening upward is complicated for a general radiant point (x,y). However, the equations simplify substantially in the case x=infty ...

The golden ratio phi can be written in terms of a nested radical in the beautiful form phi=sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+...)))), (1) which can be written recursively as ...

A perfect partition is a partition of a number n whose elements uniquely generate any number 1, 2, ..., n. {1,1,...,1_()_(n)} is always a perfect partition of n, and every ...

Given a plane ax+by+cz+d=0 (1) and a point x_0=(x_0,y_0,z_0), the normal vector to the plane is given by v=[a; b; c], (2) and a vector from the plane to the point is given by ...