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Paris Constant


The Paris constant characterizes the rate of convergence of successive truncations of the nested radical for the golden ratio. The golden ratio phi can be written in terms of a nested radical in the beautiful form

 phi=sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+...)))),
(1)

which can be written recursively as

 phi_n=sqrt(1+phi_(n-1))
(2)

for n>=2, with phi_1=1.

Paris (1987) proved that phi_n approaches phi geometrically, with asymptotic error

 phi-phi_n∼(2C)/((2phi)^n)
(3)

as n->infty, where

 C=1.0986419643...
(4)

(OEIS A105415) is the Paris constant.

An infinite product for C is given by

 C=product_(n=2)^infty(2phi)/(phi+phi_n)
(5)

(Finch 2003, p. 8).

Another formula is given by letting F(x) be the analytic function satisfying the functional equation

 F(x)=2phiF(phi-sqrt(phi^2-x))
(6)

for |x|<phi^2, subject to initial conditions F(0)=0 and F^'(0)=1. Then

 C=phiF(1/phi)
(7)

(Finch 2003, p. 8).

A close approximation is ln3=1.09861..., which is good to 4 decimal places (M. Stark, pers. comm.).


See also

Golden Ratio, Nested Radical

Portions of this entry contributed by Ed Pegg, Jr. (author's link)

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References

Finch, S. R. "Analysis of a Radical Expansion." §1.2.1 in Mathematical Constants. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, p. 8, 2003.Paris, R. B. "An Asymptotic Approximation Connected with the Golden Number." Amer. Math. Monthly 94, 272-278, 1987. https://doi.org/10.2307/2323395.Plouffe, S. "The Paris Constant." https://www.plouffe.fr/simon/constants/paris.txt.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequence A105415 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Paris Constant

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W., with contributions by Ed Pegg, Jr.. "Paris Constant." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/ParisConstant.html

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