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The skewness of a graph G is the minimum number of edges whose removal results in a planar graph (Harary 1994, p. 124). The skewness is sometimes denoted mu(G) (Cimikowski ...

It is always possible to write a sum of sinusoidal functions f(theta)=acostheta+bsintheta (1) as a single sinusoid the form f(theta)=ccos(theta+delta). (2) This can be done ...

The haversine, also called the haversed sine, is a little-used entire trigonometric function defined by hav(z) = 1/2vers(z) (1) = 1/2(1-cosz) (2) = sin^2(1/2z), (3) where ...

A partial differential diffusion equation of the form (partialU)/(partialt)=kappadel ^2U. (1) Physically, the equation commonly arises in situations where kappa is the ...

A family of operators mapping each space M_k of modular forms onto itself. For a fixed integer k and any positive integer n, the Hecke operator T_n is defined on the set M_k ...

In elliptic cylindrical coordinates, the scale factors are h_u=h_v=sqrt(sinh^2u+sin^2v), h_z=1, and the separation functions are f_1(u)=f_2(v)=f_3(z)=1, giving a Stäckel ...

Let l(x) be an nth degree polynomial with zeros at x_1, ..., x_n. Then the fundamental Hermite interpolating polynomials of the first and second kinds are defined by ...

A k×m×n hexagonal grid graph is a graph of adjoined hexagons consisting of k hexagons along the horizontal triangular axis, m along the northeast axis, and n along the ...

A matrix H with elements H_(ij)=(i+j-1)^(-1) (1) for i,j=1, 2, ..., n. Hilbert matrices are implemented in the Wolfram Language by HilbertMatrix[m, n]. The figure above shows ...

In the hyperbolic plane H^2, a pair of lines can be parallel (diverging from one another in one direction and intersecting at an ideal point at infinity in the other), can ...