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Gaussian curvature, sometimes also called total curvature (Kreyszig 1991, p. 131), is an intrinsic property of a space independent of the coordinate system used to describe ...

Lorentzian n-space is the inner product space consisting of the vector space R^n together with the n-dimensional Lorentzian inner product. In the event that the (1,n-1) ...

The pseudosphere is the constant negative-Gaussian curvature surface of revolution generated by a tractrix about its asymptote. It is sometimes also called the tractroid, ...

"Spikey" is the logo of Wolfram Research, makers of Mathematica and the Wolfram Language. In its original (Version 1) form, it is an augmented icosahedron with an ...

The unknot, also called the trivial knot (Rolfsen 1976, p. 51), is a closed loop that is not knotted. In the 1930s Reidemeister first proved that knots exist which are ...

x^(2n)+1=[x^2-2xcos(pi/(2n))+1] ×[x^2-2xcos((3pi)/(2n))+1]×...× ×[x^2-2xcos(((2n-1)pi)/(2n))+1].

Elliptic rational functions R_n(xi,x) are a special class of rational functions that have nice properties for approximating other functions over the interval x in [-1,1]. In ...

The second solution Q_l(x) to the Legendre differential equation. The Legendre functions of the second kind satisfy the same recurrence relation as the Legendre polynomials. ...

Let A denote an R-algebra, so that A is a vector space over R and A×A->A (1) (x,y)|->x·y. (2) Then A is said to be alternative if, for all x,y in A, (x·y)·y=x·(y·y) (3) ...

Three elements x, y and z of a set S are said to be associative under a binary operation * if they satisfy x*(y*z)=(x*y)*z. (1) Real numbers are associative under addition ...