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A triangle is a 3-sided polygon sometimes (but not very commonly) called the trigon. Every triangle has three sides and three angles, some of which may be the same. The sides ...

The Somos sequences are a set of related symmetrical recurrence relations which, surprisingly, always give integers. The Somos sequence of order k, or Somos-k sequence, is ...

There are two common definitions of the trapezium. The American definition is a quadrilateral with no parallel sides; the British definition is a quadrilateral with two sides ...

Algebra

The finite difference is the discrete analog of the derivative. The finite forward difference of a function f_p is defined as Deltaf_p=f_(p+1)-f_p, (1) and the finite ...

Machin-like formulas have the form mcot^(-1)u+ncot^(-1)v=1/4kpi, (1) where u, v, and k are positive integers and m and n are nonnegative integers. Some such formulas can be ...

The cuboctahedron, also called the heptaparallelohedron or dymaxion (the latter according to Buckminster Fuller; Rawles 1997), is the Archimedean solid with faces 8{3}+6{4}. ...

The computation of points or values between ones that are known or tabulated using the surrounding points or values. In particular, given a univariate function f=f(x), ...

The Bessel functions of the first kind J_n(x) are defined as the solutions to the Bessel differential equation x^2(d^2y)/(dx^2)+x(dy)/(dx)+(x^2-n^2)y=0 (1) which are ...

A multiplicative factor (usually indexed) such as one of the constants a_i in the polynomial a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0. In this polynomial, the monomials are ...