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A Bäcklund transformation allows additional solutions to a nonlinear partial differential equations to be found if one particular solution is already known.

Let alpha(z),gamma(z):(a,b)->R^3 be curves such that |gamma|=1 and alpha·gamma=0, and suppose that alpha and gamma have holomorphic extensions alpha,gamma:(a,b)×(c,d)->C^3 ...

An algorithm which finds rational function extrapolations of the form R_(i(i+1)...(i+m))=(P_mu(x))/(P_nu(x))=(p_0+p_1x+...+p_mux^mu)/(q_0+q_1x+...+q_nux^nu) and can be used ...

The Burridge-Knopoff model is a system of differential equations used to model earthquakes using n points on a straight line, each of mass m, that interact with each other ...

The point on the positive ray of the normal vector at a distance rho(s), where rho is the radius of curvature. It is given by z = x+rhoN (1) = x+rho^2(dT)/(ds), (2) where N ...

A developable surface, also called a flat surface (Gray et al. 2006, p. 437), is a ruled surface having Gaussian curvature K=0 everywhere. Developable surfaces therefore ...

Gauss's theorema egregium states that the Gaussian curvature of a surface embedded in three-space may be understood intrinsically to that surface. "Residents" of the surface ...

Let u_(p) be a unit tangent vector of a regular surface M subset R^3. Then the normal curvature of M in the direction u_(p) is kappa(u_(p))=S(u_(p))·u_(p), (1) where S is the ...

A patch (also called a local surface) is a differentiable mapping x:U->R^n, where U is an open subset of R^2. More generally, if A is any subset of R^2, then a map x:A->R^n ...

A regular patch is a patch x:U->R^n for which the Jacobian J(x)(u,v) has rank 2 for all (u,v) in U. A patch is said to be regular at a point (u_0,v_0) in U provided that its ...