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The mathematical study of combinatorial objects in which a certain degree of order must occur as the scale of the object becomes large. Ramsey theory is named after Frank ...

A random graph is a graph in which properties such as the number of graph vertices, graph edges, and connections between them are determined in some random way. The graphs ...

Consider a network of n resistors R_i so that R_2 may be connected in series or parallel with R_1, R_3 may be connected in series or parallel with the network consisting of ...

Simpson's rule is a Newton-Cotes formula for approximating the integral of a function f using quadratic polynomials (i.e., parabolic arcs instead of the straight line ...

For a given positive integer n, does there exist a weighted tree with n graph vertices whose paths have weights 1, 2, ..., (n; 2), where (n; 2) is a binomial coefficient? ...

A group action G×X->X is transitive if it possesses only a single group orbit, i.e., for every pair of elements x and y, there is a group element g such that gx=y. In this ...

Universal algebra studies common properties of all algebraic structures, including groups, rings, fields, lattices, etc. A universal algebra is a pair A=(A,(f_i^A)_(i in I)), ...

A graph is k-edge-connected if there does not exist a set of k-1 edges whose removal disconnects the graph (Skiena 1990, p. 177). The maximum edge connectivity of a given ...

A set of real numbers x_1, ..., x_n is said to possess an integer relation if there exist integers a_i such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, with not all a_i=0. For ...

Vassiliev invariants, discovered around 1989, provided a radically new way of looking at knots. The notion of finite type (a.k.a. Vassiliev) knot invariants was independently ...