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The idea of a velocity vector comes from classical physics. By representing the position and motion of a single particle using vectors, the equations for motion are simpler ...

As defined by Gray (1997, p. 201), Viviani's curve, sometimes also called Viviani's window, is the space curve giving the intersection of the cylinder of radius a and center ...

An exponential sum of the form sum_(n=1)^Ne^(2piiP(n)), (1) where P(n) is a real polynomial (Weyl 1914, 1916; Montgomery 2001). Writing e(theta)=e^(2piitheta), (2) a notation ...

The conjecture that, for any triangle, 8omega^3<ABC (1) where A, B, and C are the vertex angles of the triangle and omega is the Brocard angle. The Abi-Khuzam inequality ...

A graph is k-edge-connected if there does not exist a set of k-1 edges whose removal disconnects the graph (Skiena 1990, p. 177). The maximum edge connectivity of a given ...

The regular polygon of 17 sides is called the heptadecagon, or sometimes the heptakaidecagon. Gauss proved in 1796 (when he was 19 years old) that the heptadecagon is ...

In two dimensions, there are two periodic circle packings for identical circles: square lattice and hexagonal lattice. In 1940, Fejes Tóth proved that the hexagonal lattice ...

The term Mandelbrot set is used to refer both to a general class of fractal sets and to a particular instance of such a set. In general, a Mandelbrot set marks the set of ...

An almost unit is a nonunit in the integral domain of formal power series with a nonzero first coefficient, P=a_1x+a_2x^2+..., where a_1!=0. Under the operation of ...

A number that is "close" to (but not equal to) zero may be called an almost zero. In contrast, a number or expression that is equal to zero is said to be identically zero. ...