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There are several meanings of "null vector" in mathematics. 1. The most common meaning of null vector is the n-dimensional vector 0 of length 0. i.e., the vector with n ...

An obelisk is a stone pillar erected as a monument that usually consists of a pyramid atop a tall square (or sometimes rectangular base). The elongated square pyramid can ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be odd provided that f(-x)=-f(x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the origin. Examples of odd functions include x, ...

The surface of revolution of the parabola which is the shape used in the reflectors of automobile headlights (Steinhaus 1999, p. 242; Hilbert and Cohn-Vossen 1999). It is a ...

Let Y^X be the set of continuous mappings f:X->Y. Then the topological space Y^X supplied with the compact-open topology is called a mapping space. If (Y,*) is a pointed ...

According to G. Pólya, the method of finding geometric objects by intersection. 1. For example, the centers of all circles tangent to a straight line s at a given point P lie ...

The pedal circle with respect to a pedal point P of a triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3 is the circumcircle of the pedal triangle DeltaP_1P_2P_3 with respect to P. Amazingly, the ...

The term perimeter refers either to the curve constituting the boundary of a lamina or else to the length of this boundary. The perimeter of a circle is called the ...

A beautiful general theorem of which the following two statements are special cases (Coxeter and Greitzer 1967, pp. 99-100). 1. If DeltaABC and DeltaA^'B^'C^' are two ...

A generalization to a quartic three-dimensional surface is the quartic surface of revolution (x^4-ax^3)+a^2(y^2+z^2)=0, (1) illustrated above. With a=1, this surface is ...