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Given a matrix A, its QR-decomposition is a matrix decomposition of the form A=QR, where R is an upper triangular matrix and Q is an orthogonal matrix, i.e., one satisfying ...

The quadrifolium is the 4-petalled rose curve having n=2. It has polar equation r=asin(2theta) (1) and Cartesian equation (x^2+y^2)^3=4a^2x^2y^2. (2) The area of the ...

Quantile-quantile plots (also called q-q plots) are used to determine if two data sets come from populations with a common distribution. In such a plot, points are formed ...

Given a random variable X with continuous and strictly monotonic probability density function f(X), a quantile function Q_f assigns to each probability p attained by f the ...

Finding the height above the bottom of a horizontal cylinder (such as a cylindrical gas tank) to which the it must be filled for it to be one quarter full amounts to plugging ...

A real-valued function g defined on a convex subset C subset R^n is said to be quasi-concave if for all real alpha in R, the set {x in C:g(x)>=alpha} is convex. This is ...

A real-valued function g defined on a convex subset C subset R^n is said to be quasi-convex if for all real alpha in R, the set {x in C:g(x)<alpha} is convex. This is ...

A graph G that becomes disconnected when removing a suitable complete subgraph K, called a vertex cut, is said to be quasiseparable. The two simplest cases are those where K ...

The quaternion group is one of the two non-Abelian groups of the five total finite groups of order 8. It is formed by the quaternions +/-1, +/-i, +/-j, and +/-k , denoted Q_8 ...

A qubit (or quantum bit) is the analog of a bit for quantum computation. Unlike an ordinary bit, which may only assume two possible values (usually called 0 and 1), a qubit ...