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The natural projection, also called the homomorphism, is a logical way of mapping an algebraic structure onto its quotient structures. The natural projection pi is defined ...

The probability that two elements P_1 and P_2 of a symmetric group generate the entire group tends to 3/4 as n->infty (Netto 1964, p. 90). The conjecture was proven by Dixon ...

Given three mutually tangent circles, there exist exactly two nonintersecting circles which are tangent circles to all three original circles. These are called the inner and ...

A Taylor graph is a distance-regular graph with intersection array {k,mu,1;1,mu,k}. A Taylor graph with these parameters has 2(k+1) vertices. The crown graphs K_2 square ...

The tribonacci constant is ratio to which adjacent tribonacci numbers tend, and is given by t = (x^3-x^2-x-1)_1 (1) = 1/3(1+RadicalBox[{19, -, 3, {sqrt(, 33, )}}, ...

A special function psi_1(z) corresponding to a polygamma function psi_n(z) with n=1, given by psi_1(z)=(d^2)/(dz^2)lnGamma(z). (1) An alternative function ...

A zonal harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form P_l(costheta), i.e., one which reduces to a Legendre polynomial (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 302). These harmonics are ...

The d-analog of a complex number s is defined as [s]_d=1-(2^d)/(s^d) (1) (Flajolet et al. 1995). For integer n, [2]!=1 and [n]_d! = [3][4]...[n] (2) = ...

The q-analog of pi pi_q can be defined by setting a=0 in the q-factorial [a]_q!=1(1+q)(1+q+q^2)...(1+q+...+q^(a-1)) (1) to obtain ...

A matrix whose elements may contain complex numbers. The matrix product of two 2×2 complex matrices is given by (1) where R_(11) = ...