The -analog of a complex number is defined as
(1)
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(Flajolet et al. 1995). For integer , and
(2)
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(3)
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It can then be extended to complex values via
(4)
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(Flajolet et al. 1995). It satisfies the basic functional identity
(5)
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The -analog of the polygamma function is
(6)
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(7)
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The first few values are
(8)
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(9)
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where is the digamma function.
The -analog of the Euler-Mascheroni constant is
(10)
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(11)
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(Flajolet et al. 1995). The first few values are
(12)
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(13)
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(14)
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(15)
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where is a harmonic number.
The -analog of the harmonic numbers is and
(16)
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(17)
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(Flajolet et al. 1995).
The -analog of infinity factorial is given by
(18)
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This infinite product can be evaluated in closed form in terms of , the hyperbolic sine , and gamma functions involving roots of unity ,
(19)
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(20)
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(21)
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(22)
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(23)
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(24)
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(25)
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(26)
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(27)
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These are all special cases of a general result for infinite products.