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The ratio X_1/X_2 of uniform variates X_1 and X_2 on the interval [0,1] can be found directly as P_(X_1/X_2)(u) = int_0^1int_0^1delta((x_1)/(x_2)-u)dx_1dx_2 (1) = ...

Algebra

The number 10 (ten) is the basis for the decimal system of notation. In this system, each "decimal place" consists of a digit 0-9 arranged such that each digit is multiplied ...

Given a triangle with polygon vertices A, B, and C and points along the sides D, E, and F, a necessary and sufficient condition for the cevians AD, BE, and CF to be ...

The join G=G_1+G_2 of graphs G_1 and G_2 with disjoint point sets V_1 and V_2 and edge sets X_1 and X_2 is the graph union G_1 union G_2 together with all the edges joining ...

Given a set y=f(x) of n equations in n variables x_1, ..., x_n, written explicitly as y=[f_1(x); f_2(x); |; f_n(x)], (1) or more explicitly as {y_1=f_1(x_1,...,x_n); |; ...

A nonassociative algebra obeyed by objects such as the Lie bracket and Poisson bracket. Elements f, g, and h of a Lie algebra satisfy [f,f]=0 (1) [f+g,h]=[f,h]+[g,h], (2) and ...

The Lotka-Volterra equations describe an ecological predator-prey (or parasite-host) model which assumes that, for a set of fixed positive constants A (the growth rate of ...

Noncommutative topology is a recent program having important and deep applications in several branches of mathematics and mathematical physics. Because every commutative ...

By asking a small number of innocent-sounding questions about an unknown number, it is possible to reconstruct the number with absolute certainty (assuming that the questions ...