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In 1913, Ramanujan asked if the Diophantine equation of second order 2^n-7=x^2, sometimes called the Ramanujan-Nagell equation, has any solutions other than n=3, 4, 5, 7, and ...

A relation on a totally ordered set.

n vectors X_1, X_2, ..., X_n are linearly dependent iff there exist scalars c_1, c_2, ..., c_n, not all zero, such that sum_(i=1)^nc_iX_i=0. (1) If no such scalars exist, ...

The word "normal form" is used in a variety of different ways in mathematics. In general, it refers to a way of representing objects so that, although each may have many ...

Given a system of ordinary differential equations of the form d/(dt)[x; y; v_x; v_y]=-[0 0 -1 0; 0 0 0 -1; Phi_(xx)(t) Phi_(yx)(t) 0 0; Phi_(xy)(t) Phi_(yy)(t) 0 0][x; y; ...

A Lyapunov function is a scalar function V(y) defined on a region D that is continuous, positive definite, V(y)>0 for all y!=0), and has continuous first-order partial ...

The partial differential equation u_(xxx)-1/8u_x^3+u_x(Ae^u+Be^(-u))=0.

Every dense linear order complete set without endpoints having at most omega disjoint intervals is order isomorphic to the continuum of real numbers, where omega is the set ...

A general quadratic Diophantine equation in two variables x and y is given by ax^2+cy^2=k, (1) where a, c, and k are specified (positive or negative) integers and x and y are ...

The first and second Pöschl-Teller differential equations are given by y^('')-{a^2[(kappa(kappa-1))/(sin^2(ax))+(lambda(lambda-1))/(cos^2(ax))]-b^2}y=0 and ...