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Discrete mathematics is the branch of mathematics dealing with objects that can assume only distinct, separated values. The term "discrete mathematics" is therefore used in ...

Gaussian curvature, sometimes also called total curvature (Kreyszig 1991, p. 131), is an intrinsic property of a space independent of the coordinate system used to describe ...

An idoneal number, also called a suitable number or convenient number, is a positive integer D for which the fact that a number is a monomorph (i.e., is expressible in only ...

A branch of mathematics which brings together ideas from algebraic geometry, linear algebra, and number theory. In general, there are two main types of K-theory: topological ...

Let omega_1 and omega_2 be periods of a doubly periodic function, with tau=omega_2/omega_1 the half-period ratio a number with I[tau]!=0. Then Klein's absolute invariant ...

In the fields of functional and harmonic analysis, the Littlewood-Paley decomposition is a particular way of decomposing the phase plane which takes a single function and ...

Let kappa_1 and kappa_2 be the principal curvatures, then their mean H=1/2(kappa_1+kappa_2) (1) is called the mean curvature. Let R_1 and R_2 be the radii corresponding to ...

An elliptic curve of the form y^2=x^3+n for n an integer. This equation has a finite number of solutions in integers for all nonzero n. If (x,y) is a solution, it therefore ...

The plastic constant P, sometimes also called le nombre radiant, the minimal Pisot number, plastic number, plastic ratio, platin number, Siegel's number, or silver number, is ...

The rascal triangle is a number triangle with numbers arranged in staggered rows such that a_(n,r)=n(r-n)+1. (1) The published study of this triangle seems to have originated ...