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The kth exterior power of an element alpha in an exterior algebra LambdaV is given by the wedge product of alpha with itself k times. Note that if alpha has odd degree, then ...

A real, nondegenerate n×n symmetric matrix A, and its corresponding symmetric bilinear form Q(v,w)=v^(T)Aw, has signature (p,q) if there is a nondegenerate matrix C such that ...

The group of all nonsingular n×n stochastic matrices over a field F. It is denoted S(n,F). If p is prime and F is the finite field of order q=p^m, S(n,q) is written instead ...

The term "transition matrix" is used in a number of different contexts in mathematics. In linear algebra, it is sometimes used to mean a change of coordinates matrix. In the ...

The Werner formulas are the trigonometric product formulas 2sinalphacosbeta = sin(alpha-beta)+sin(alpha+beta) (1) 2cosalphacosbeta = cos(alpha-beta)+cos(alpha+beta) (2) ...

"Casting out nines" is an elementary check of a multiplication which makes use of the congruence 10^n=1 (mod 9). Let decimal numbers be written a=a_n...a_2a_1a_0, ...

Let A be an involutive algebra over the field C of complex numbers with involution xi|->xi^♯. Then A is a modular Hilbert algebra if A has an inner product <··> and a ...

The first theorem of Pappus states that the surface area S of a surface of revolution generated by the revolution of a curve about an external axis is equal to the product of ...

The positive integers 216 and 12960000 appear in an obscure passage in Plato's The Republic. In this passage, Plato alludes to the fact that 216 is equal to 6^3, where 6 is ...

A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...