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Euler (1772ab) conjectured that there are no positive integer solutions to the quartic Diophantine equation A^4=B^4+C^4+D^4. This conjecture was disproved by Elkies (1988), ...

The number of alternating permutations for n elements is sometimes called an Euler zigzag number. Denote the number of alternating permutations on n elements for which the ...

A generalization of Fermat's little theorem. Euler published a proof of the following more general theorem in 1736. Let phi(n) denote the totient function. Then a^(phi(n))=1 ...

Let sigma(n) be the divisor function. Then lim sup_(n->infty)(sigma(n))/(nlnlnn)=e^gamma, where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. Ramanujan independently discovered a ...

The concurrence S of the Euler lines E_n of the triangles DeltaXBC, DeltaXCA, DeltaXAB, and DeltaABC where X is the incenter. It has equivalent triangle center functions ...

The parameters alpha, beta, gamma, and delta which, like the three Euler angles, provide a way to uniquely characterize the orientation of a solid body. These parameters ...

The Euler-Gergonne-Soddy triangle is the right triangle DeltaZFlEv created by the pairwise intersections of the Euler line L_E, Soddy line L_S, and Gergonne line L_G. (The ...

The Euler-Lagrange differential equation is the fundamental equation of calculus of variations. It states that if J is defined by an integral of the form J=intf(t,y,y^.)dt, ...

The Euler-Mascheroni constant gamma=0.577215664901532860606512090082402431042... (OEIS A001620) was calculated to 16 digits by Euler in 1781 and to 32 decimal places by ...

The term "Euler function" may be used to refer to any of several functions in number theory and the theory of special functions, including 1. the totient function phi(n), ...