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The Klein bottle is a closed nonorientable surface of Euler characteristic 0 (Dodson and Parker 1997, p. 125) that has no inside or outside, originally described by Felix ...

Goldbach's original conjecture (sometimes called the "ternary" Goldbach conjecture), written in a June 7, 1742 letter to Euler, states "at least it seems that every number ...

Let L, M, and N be lines through A, B, C, respectively, parallel to the Euler line. Let L^' be the reflection of L in sideline BC, let M^' be the reflection of M in sideline ...

There are (at least) two mathematical objects known as Weierstrass forms. The first is a general form into which an elliptic curve over any field K can be transformed, given ...

An Artin L-function over the rationals Q encodes in a generating function information about how an irreducible monic polynomial over Z factors when reduced modulo each prime. ...

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

The Gergonne line is Oldknow's (1996) term for the perspectrix of a contact triangle DeltaDEF and its reference triangle DeltaABC. It is determined by the Nobbs points D^', ...

A branch of mathematics that is a sort of generalization of calculus. Calculus of variations seeks to find the path, curve, surface, etc., for which a given function has a ...

The orthocentroidal circle of a triangle DeltaABC is a central circle having the segment joining the triangle centroid G and orthocenter H of DeltaABC as its diameter ...

The totient function phi(n), also called Euler's totient function, is defined as the number of positive integers <=n that are relatively prime to (i.e., do not contain any ...