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The term "gradient" has several meanings in mathematics. The simplest is as a synonym for slope. The more general gradient, called simply "the" gradient in vector analysis, ...

A root-finding algorithm also known as the tangent hyperbolas method or Halley's rational formula. As in Halley's irrational formula, take the second-order Taylor series ...

Given a set A, let N(A) be the set of neighbors of A. Then the bipartite graph G with bipartitions X and Y has a perfect matching iff |N(A)|>=|A| for all subsets A of X.

A device consisting of two coupled pendula, usually oscillating at right angles to each other, which are attached to a pen. The resulting motion can produce beautiful, ...

A linkage which draws the inverse of a given curve. It can also convert circular to linear motion. The rods satisfy AB=CD and BC=DA, and O, P, and P^' remain collinear while ...

The grouping of data into bins (spaced apart by the so-called class interval) plotting the number of members in each bin versus the bin number. The above histogram shows the ...

Refer to the above figures. Let X be the point of intersection, with X^' ahead of X on one manifold and X^('') ahead of X of the other. The mapping of each of these points ...

As of 2014, the IEEE 754-2008 is the most commonly implemented standard for floating-point arithmetic. This framework is a massive overhaul of its predecessor IEEE 754-1985 ...

An indirectly conformal mapping, sometimes called an anticonformal mapping, is a mapping that reverses all angles, whereas an isogonal mapping can reverse some angles and ...

The intersection of two sets A and B is the set of elements common to A and B. This is written A intersection B, and is pronounced "A intersection B" or "A cap B." The ...