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Given a circle, the apothem is the perpendicular distance r from the midpoint of a chord to the circle's center. It is also equal to the radius R minus the sagitta h, r=R-h. ...

An azimuthal projection which is neither equal-area nor conformal. Let phi_1 and lambda_0 be the latitude and longitude of the center of the projection, then the ...

The Euclidean metric is the function d:R^n×R^n->R that assigns to any two vectors in Euclidean n-space x=(x_1,...,x_n) and y=(y_1,...,y_n) the number ...

Consider a symmetric triangle wave T(x) of period 2L. Since the function is odd, a_0 = 0 (1) a_n = 0, (2) and b_n = (3) = (32)/(pi^2n^2)cos(1/4npi)sin^3(1/4npi) (4) = ...

Das (2018) defines the triameter of a connected graph G with vertex set V and vertex count at least 3 as tr(G)=max{d(u,v)+d(v,w)+d(u,w):u,v,w in V}, where d(i,j) is the graph ...

The azimuthal coordinate on the surface of a sphere (theta in spherical coordinates) or on a spheroid (in prolate or oblate spheroidal coordinates). Longitude is defined such ...

A distance g on a set that fulfils the same properties as a metric except relaxes the definition to allow the distance between two different points to be zero. An example of ...

The distance a point moves due to shear divided by the perpendicular distance of a point from the invariant line.

A shortest path between two vertices of a graph is a graph path of shortest possible length between them. Such paths are also known as graph geodesics, and the matrix giving ...

A point lattice which can be constructed from an arbitrary parallelogram of unit area. For any such planar lattice, the minimum distance c between any two points is a ...