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A square number, also called a perfect square, is a figurate number of the form S_n=n^2, where n is an integer. The square numbers for n=0, 1, ... are 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, ...

Define g(k) as the quantity appearing in Waring's problem, then Euler conjectured that g(k)=2^k+|_(3/2)^k_|-2, where |_x_| is the floor function.

The function defined by y_+^alpha={y^alpha for y>0; 0 for y<=0. (1)

Write down the positive integers in row one, cross out every k_1th number, and write the partial sums of the remaining numbers in the row below. Now cross off every k_2th ...

A determinant which arises in the solution of the second-order ordinary differential equation x^2(d^2psi)/(dx^2)+x(dpsi)/(dx)+(1/4h^2x^2+1/2h^2-b+(h^2)/(4x^2))psi=0. (1) ...

The Paley graph of order q with q a prime power is a graph on q nodes with two nodes adjacent if their difference is a square in the finite field GF(q). This graph is ...

The SI prefixes are the 20 power-of-10 prefixes specified by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) for use in the International System of Units (SI). They are ...

Let Sigma(n)=sum_(i=1)^np_i (1) be the sum of the first n primes (i.e., the sum analog of the primorial function). The first few terms are 2, 5, 10, 17, 28, 41, 58, 77, ... ...

A figurate number of the form P_n^((4))=1/6n(n+1)(2n+1), (1) corresponding to a configuration of points which form a square pyramid, is called a square pyramidal number (or ...

A classic arithmetical problem probably first posed by Euclid and investigated by various authors in the Middle Ages. The problem is formulated as a dialogue between the two ...